ABSTRACT
Objective To compare the applicability of different occupational health risk assessment methods in small furniture manufacturing industry. Methods American EPA inhalation risk model, Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model of occupational exposure to chemical substances and Australian Occupational Health and Safety Risk Assessment model, were used to assess the occupational health risk in a small furniture manufacturing industry from a city of Zhejiang Province. Results The results of American EPA model showed that the workers who exposed to benzene and formaldehyde had low risk of carcinogens, and who exposed to benzene and xylene had very high risk of non-carcinogens. According to Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model, there were low and medium health risk caused by toluene and xylene, and high risk caused by wood dust in preparation and polishing jobs. Similar to the results of other models, Australia qualitative risk assessment model showed that there were medium health risk caused by toluene and xylene, and high risk caused by benzene, wood dust and noise. All of the three methods could found the key risk control point in furniture manufacturing industry. The risk ratios of the three methods were higher than the toxic work classification ratio (P<0.01), and the risk ratio of EPA model were higher than the results of Singapore model and Australia model (P<0.05) . Conclusion All of the three methods can be applied to assess the occupational health risk in furniture manufacturing industry, and the combined application of multiple risk assessment methods can be used as one of the risk assessment strategies.
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Objective To know the immunologic response at different periods with different hepatitis B vaccine(HepB)in infants.Methods From July 1 to December 31 in 2009,the local infants born from hepatitis B virus(HBV)surface antigen (HBsAg)negative mother in Ninghai were selected and received a 0.5 ml of 5 -μg HepB made by recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)techniques in saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast (HepB -SCY)and those in Yuyao were selected and received a 0.5 ml of 10 -μg HepB made by recombinant DNA techniques in hansenula polymorpha yeast (HepB -HPY)with a 0 -1 -6 month schedule.The specimens of blood were collected at 7 months,12 months and 18 months after vaccination for testing antibody.Results At 7 months,12 months and 18 months after vaccination,the geometric mean concentration (GMC)of Anti -HBs in HepB -SCY group were 714.79 ±3.50 mIU /mL,259.89 ± 3.87 mIU /mL and 78.38 ±4.04 mIU /mL,respectively.While in HepB -HPY group were 2 420.76 ±3.51 mIU /mL, 703.55 ±3.46 mIU /mL and 171.32 ±3.76 mIU /mL,respectively.There was statistical significant difference of GMC between HepB -SCY group and HepB -HPY group(P <0.01).The percent of antibody <100 mIU /mL in HepB -SCY group were 6.39%,23.33% and 55.42%,and in HepB -HPY group,were 2.17%,5.17% and 31.95%,respectively. The difference between HepB -SCY group and HepB -HPY group had significantly statistical significance (P <0.01 ). Conclusion The immunologic response at different periods of HepB -HPY was better than that of HepB -SCY.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of age distribution of measles and related policies on measles vaccines (live; MV) in infants through analyzing the antibody levels of comparison in maternal-infant pairs. Transition of immunity in infants was also studied to provide theoretic basis for measles immunization strategy and to reduce the incidence of month-old infants. Methods In cities of Ningbo, Harbin, and Jinan from Zhejiang, Heilongiiang and Shandong provinces, data was collected from 2004 to 2007 and analyzed regarding the epidemic situation of measles. Studies on maternal-transferred measles antibody were carried our sero-epidemiologically. Results Most of the measles cases were found among babies younger than 12 months,and the incidence of < 1 year olds had been increasing.The distribution was dominated by 5-8 month olds in infant measles cases. The positive rate and GRMT of measles antibody in newborns were 89.3 percent and 738.93. The positive rate of the measles antibody and GMRT of the 6-month infant were 6.9 % and 6.89, while 6.7 % and 3.69 in 8-month infant. There wasa declining trend of the positive rate of the measles antibody during the newborns to 8-month infant. The positive rate and GRMT of measles antibody in mothers were 84.3 percent and 516.94. Mother's measles antibodies mainly to be at low and moderate level, which accounted for 50.4 percent and 30.3 percent respectively, the correlation coefficient between mother and infant was 0. 840. Conclusion Maternal-transferred measles antibody decreased as the growth of infants. The positive rates of measles antibody were quite low in 6-month and 8-month olds which were the age range that needs most attention.